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(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) cost(花费) cost cost cut(割) cut cut hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let put(放) put put read (读) read read spread (伸展/ 传播) spread spread (2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动) beat beaten (3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become(变成)became become come(来) came come run(跑) ran run (4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) dig(挖) dug dug get(得到) got got hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung hold(抓住) held held lay (产卵) laid laid shine(照耀) shone shone sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept feel(感觉) felt felt flee (逃跑) fled fled smell(闻) smelt smelt leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent spend(花费) spent spent sink (沉下)sunk /sank snuk /sunken lose (丢失) lost lost burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt mean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told say(说) said said find(找到) found found feed ( 饲养 )fed fed have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made stand(站) stood stood smell (闻)smelled /smelt smelled /smelt stick (粘贴 /刺) stuck stuck spell (拼写)spelt/spelled spelt/spelled spit (吐唾沫)spat spat understand(明白)understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin(开始)began begun drink(喝) drank drunk hide (躲藏)hid hidden ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known throw(投掷)threw thrown show(出示) showed shown break(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosen forget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) freeze (结冰/ 凝固)froze frozen speak(说) spoke spoken wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶)drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen take(取) took taken mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written do(做) did done go(去) went gone lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen wear (穿) wore worn be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been 不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法 一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如: cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。 二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如: come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如: 1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如: lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如: sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如: keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept
英语的过去式有哪些
不规则变化:
1、AAA型:表示动词原形、过去式和过去分词字母组合形式完全一样。
规律总结:AAA型-et,-it,-rt,-st,-ut,-ead结尾,三不变。
2、AAB型:表示动词原形和过去式字母组合一样。
规律总结:AAB型独一家,只需记牢勿多想。
3、ABA型:表示动词原形和过去分词字母组合一样。
规律总结:ABA型看见come快点跑(run),两头一样中间变。
4、ABB型:表示动词过去式和过去分词字母组合一样。
规律总结:①-ay结尾变-aid;②in变on;③eep变ept;④and变ood;⑤end变ent;⑥ean后面加个t。
5、ABC型:表示动词原形、过去式和过去分词字母组合各不相同。
规律总结:①ow过去o变e,过去分词加个n;②ake过去多半变成ook,过去分词加个n;③in,im过去i变a,过去分词i变u。
规则变化
1、一般情况下,动词后直接加-ed。
look-looked-looked(看)
book-booked-booked(预订)
open-opened-opened(打开)
2、不发音字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d。
like-liked-liked(喜欢)
love-loved-loved(喜爱)
move-moved-moved(移动)
3、辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。
fry-fried-fried(油炸)
try-tried-tried(尝试,努力)
study-studied-studied(学习)
4、以重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写辅音字母,再加-ed。
plan-planned-planned(计划)
stop-stopped-stopped(阻止,停下)
pat-patted-patted(轻拍)
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种.
1) 规则变化
情况 例词 读音与说明
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
一般在动词原形后加-ed look
call
open
need looked
called
opened
needed looked [lukt]
called [kC:ld]
opened [5EupEnd]
needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后
发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕
后发音为[id]
③但fix的过去式和过去
分词x不双写,为fixed.
以-e结尾的动词加-d move
phone
hope
agree moved
phoned
hoped
agreed moved [mu:vd]
phoned [fEund]
hoped [hEupt]
agreed [E5^ri:d]
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,
再加-ed study
carry
try studied
studied
carried studied [5stQdid]
carried [5kArid]
tried [traid]
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play
enjoy
stay played
enjoyed
stayed played [pleid]
enjoyed [in5dVCid]
stayed [steid]
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop
plan
fit stopped
planned
fitted stopped [stCpt]
planned [plAnd]
fitted [5fitid]
以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,
再加-ed prefer
refer preferred
referred preferred [prI`f:d]
referred [ri5fE:]
2) 不规则变化
英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.
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